Research Note—Mapping the Field of Virtual Work: A Cocitation Analysis
Sumita Raghuram,
Philipp Tuertscher,
Raghu Garud
Department of Labor Studies and Employment Relations, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
Institute for Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Smeal College of Business, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
raghuram{at}psu.edu
philipp.tuertscher{at}wu-wien.ac.at
rgarud{at}psu.edu
Interest in the area of virtual work continues to increase with articles being written from different disciplinary perspectives—e.g., information systems (IS), management, psychology, and transportation. In this paper, we map research on virtual work to (a) understand the intellectual base from which this field has emerged, (b) explore how this field has evolved over time, and (c) identify clusters of research themes that have emerged over time and the relationships between them. Specifically, we use cocitation analysis of research published in all social science disciplines to map the field at three points in time—1995, 2000, and 2006. Our results show that the field has grown from 9 research clusters in 1995 to 16 in 2006. A comparison across these maps suggests that research in the cluster of "virtual teams" has gained significance even as research in some earlier clusters such as "urban planning and transportation" has lost ground. Our longitudinal analysis identifies relevant concepts, theories, and methodologies that have emerged in the field of virtual work. This analysis can help interested researchers identify how they may want to contribute to the field of virtual work—by adding to popular clusters, by enriching emerging smaller clusters, or by acting as bridges across clusters.
Key Words: virtual work; virtual teams; bibliometric analysis
History: This paper was received on May 31, 2007.
Copyright © 2009 by INFORMS.
